Amdahl’s Law: The speed-up achievable on a parallel computer can be significantly limited by the existence of a small fraction of inherently sequential code which cannot be parallelised. (Gene Amdahl)

Augustine’s Second Law of Socioscience: For every scientific (or engineering) action, there is an equal and opposite social reaction. (Norman Augustine)

Benford’s Law: Passion is inversely proportional to the amount of real information available. (Gregory Benford)

Brooks’ Law: Adding manpower to a late software project makes it later. (Frederick P Brooks Jr)

Church-Turing Thesis: Every function which would naturally be regarded as computable can be computed by the universal Turing machine.

Clarke’s First Law: When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something is possible he is almost certainly right. When he states that something is impossible, he is very probably wrong. (Arthur C Clarke)

Clarke’s Second Law: The only way of discovering the limits of the possible is to venture a little way past them into the impossible. (Arthur C Clarke)

Clarke’s Third Law: Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic. (Arthur C Clarke)

Conway’s Law: If you have four groups working on a compiler, you’ll get a 4-pass compiler. (Melvin Conway)

Cope’s Law: There is a general tendency toward size increase in evolution. (Edward Drinker Cope)

(more…)

Most programming languages were designed so that the code is easy to write and understand. These were designed for the opposite reason.

LOLCODE

A Hello World program:

HAI
CAN HAS STDIO?
VISIBLE "HAI WORLD!"
KTHXBYE

What it is

LOLCODE is probably what a programming language designed by lolcats would look like. Silly and unusable, it has loops like “IM IN YR LOOP - IM OUTTA YR LOOP” and conditionals like “IZ - YARLY - NOWAI - KTHX”. It has plenty of fan-written interpreters and compilers.

Brainfuck

A Hello World program:

++++++++++[>+++++++>++++++++++>+++>+<<<<-]>++.>+.+++++++..+++.>++.<<+++++++++++++++.>.+++.——.——–.>+.>.
What it is

Brainf*ck is the classic “Turing tarpit” - a programming language with very few instructions. Those languages are extremely hard to read, and so simple that it’s hard to believe that they can do anything that other languages can do. The language has only 8 instructions - 2 that select values, 2 that increment or decrement them, 2 for input and output, and 2 that mark loops. That’s it. No variables, multiplication, or even addition. You need a loop to add two values, and a complicated nested loop to multiply them. Despite this, someone actually wrote a
prime factorization program in Brainf*ck - about 4,000 characters in length.

Befunge

A Hello World program:

<,_@#:

What it is

Befunge is similar to Brainf*ck in that each character represents an instruction (although it has more instructions, making it somewhat easier). The big difference lies in the fact that it is two-dimensional. It can be read horizontally or vertically in either direction, and that direction frequently changes. Whenever it encounters the characters ^<>v, it changes its direction. The code can also change itself - this makes it very difficult to compile or follow.

INTERCAL

A Hello World program:

        PLEASE DO ,1 <- #13
        DO ,1 SUB #1 <- #238
        DO ,1 SUB #2 <- #112
        DO ,1 SUB #3 <- #112
        DO ,1 SUB #4 <- #0
        DO ,1 SUB #5 <- #64
        DO ,1 SUB #6 <- #238
        DO ,1 SUB #7 <- #26
        DO ,1 SUB #8 <- #248
        DO ,1 SUB #9 <- #168
        DO ,1 SUB #10 <- #24
        DO ,1 SUB #11 <- #16
        DO ,1 SUB #12 <- #158
        DO ,1 SUB #13 <- #52

        PLEASE READ OUT ,1
        PLEASE GIVE UP

What it is

Intercal is short for “Compiler Language With No Pronounceable Acronym”. It was designed as a parody of other languages, and designed to be as hard to program in as possible (but it is nothing compared to the next one). Instead of “GO TO” statements, it has “COME FROM” statements. The only operators present are unary and binary operators, meaning no simple addition or multiplication. As the documentation says, “Please be kind to our operators: they may not be very intelligent, but they’re all we’ve got.” Programs will not work if they’re not polite enough, so you have to occasionally precede statements with “please”.

Malbolge

A Hello World program:

(=<`:9876Z4321UT.-Q+*)M’&%$H”!~}|Bzy?=|{z]KwZY44Eq0/{mlk**
hKs_dG5[m_BA{?-Y;;Vb’rR5431M}/.zHGwEDCAA@986543W10/.R,+O<

What it is

This is the hardest language to program in, hands down. Using it is more like cracking a code than writing a program. The meaning of every character depends on its position and the preceding characters. All variables are in ternary. The only operation is the “crazy” operation, which changes a number using a seemingly random table of values. Accomplishing anything in this language is a programming nightmare.  To write a “Hello World” program, one programmer had to use a genetic algorithm that worked for hours before making a program that wrote “HEllO WORld” - that was the best it could do. It took a cryptanalyst to find “encryption weaknesses” - ways to make an instruction change in a predictable way - to finally make it possible to write simple programs in Malbolge.

There are so many languages right now and many of them one of us is using. But with knowing who the creator of that language. Here are some programming languages which are most used and appreciated.   Here are the some languages and their God…

According to Tribe.com, which is the popular site for ranking programming languages top 10 programming languages are….

Languages —  Their popularity

1. Java - 19.1%
2. C - 16.1%
3. C++ - 10.8%
4. PHP - 9.4%
5. Visual Basic - 9.4%
6. C# - 4.6%
7. Python -  4.5%
8. Perl - 3.6%
9. JavaScript - 3.1%
10. Delphi - 3.05%

Java

Java is a programming language originally developed by Sun Microsystems not by any individual and released in 1995 as a core component of Sun Microsystems’ Java platform. It is the most widely used programming language. The main thing about this language which makes it different from other languages is that it is platform independent.Java applications are typically compiled to bytecode that can run on any Java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of computer architecture.

C

C- is basically a procedural language which is basically made for UNIX. It was originally developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories. Although C was designed for implementing system software, it is also widely used for developing application software.

Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie (born September 9, 1941 in Bronxville, New York), he received the Turing Award in 1983 and the National Medal of Technology in 1998. Ritchie graduated from Harvard with degrees in physics and applied mathematics. Ritchie was the head of Lucent Technologies System Software Research Department when he retired in 2007.

C++

C++ is a general-purpose programming language. It is regarded as a middle-level language, as it comprises a combination of both high-level(Obect orientation) and low-level(hardware oriented) language features. It was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979 at Bell Labs as an enhancement to the C programming language and originally named “C with Classes”. It was renamed to C++ in 1983.

Bjarne Stroustrup (born December 30, 1950 in Aarhus, Denmark) is a computer scientist and the College of Engineering Chair Professor of Computer Science at Texas A&M University

PHP

PHP is a scripting language originally designed for producing dynamic web pages. It has evolved to include a command line interface capability and can be used in standalone graphical applications. It was created by   Rasmus Lerdorf in 1995.

Rasmus Lerdorf (born November 22, 1968 in Qeqertarsuaq, Greenland) is a Danish-Greenlandic programmer,  he graduated from the University of Waterloo with a Bachelor of Applied Science in Systems Design Engineering in 1993. He is currently working for Yahoo! Inc. as an Infrastructure Architecture Engineer.

Visual Basic (VB)

Visual Basic (VB) is the third-generation event-driven programming language and integrated development environment (IDE) from Microsoft for its COM programming model. VB is also considered a relatively easy to learn and use programming language.

C#

C# is a object oriented programming language which is similar as of JAVA. It was first appeared in 2001. It was developed by Microsoft as part of the .NET initiative. Today its popularity is gowing in very rapidlly. Although it was a team work but the team which developed C# was lead by Anders Hejlsberg.

Anders Hejlsberg (born in December 1960 ) is a prominent Danish software engineer who co-designed several popular and commercially successful programming languages and development tools. He currently works for Microsoft.

Python

Python is a general-purpose, high-level programming language.Its design philosophy emphasizes programmer productivity and code readability. Python was first released by Guido van Rossum in 1991.

Guido van Rossum is a Dutch computer programmer who is also know as as a “Benevolent Dictator for Life” (BDFL), meaning that he continues to oversee the Python development process, making decisions where necessary. He is currently employed by Google.

Perl

Perl is a high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming language. Perl was originally developed by Larry Wall in 1987. Perl borrows features from other programming languages including C, shell scripting (sh), AWK, sed and Lisp.

Larry Wall (born September 27, 1954) is a programmer and author, he earned his bachelor’s degree from Seattle Pacific University in 1976. He currentlly works for NASA.

JavaScript

JavaScript is a scripting language widely used for client-side web development. It was the originating dialect of the ECMAScript standard.

Brendan Eich (born 1961) is a computer programmer and creator of the JavaScript programming language. He is the Chief Technology Officer at the Mozilla Corporation.

Delphi

The Delphi programming language was developed by Borland and is the descendant of Turbo Pascal. Delphi was released in February 1995. Delphi is a native code compiler that runs under Window v3.1 or Windows ‘95. Delphi is essentially object Pascal with similar programming tools found in Microsoft Visual Basic 3.0.

Today iPhone is a superb gadget, and most of us using it. People want to make use of this gadget in most of their work. Now you can search torrents from our iPhone itself. Now there available a third party software which provides a good user interface for seraching and downloading the torrents to use your Bit torrent  when your are not in front of your PC.

As we all know there is a major flaw in iPhone rather i should say weakness that it doesn’t support copy and paste. Here also this third party s/w, utorent webAPP, gives the ability to search the torrent and directly add them to the download queue.

In order to browse through your torrents on the iPhone, you need to have the uTorrent WebUI installed on your local PC, with the iPhone GUI addon. When you have everything setup, you can browse to louish.com/iphone, enter your IP and port, and you’re set. The IP and port will be saved on your iPhone, so you don’t have to enter it the next time you search for a torrent.

In the search results you will see a blue icon next to every torrent. A single click on this icon is all that’s needed to add the torrent file to the download queue. So have a try on this.

The Ubuntu developers are moving quickly to bring you the latest and greatest software the open source community has to offer. This is the Ubuntu 8.10 beta release, which brings a host of excellent new features. This includes a number of bug fixes and improvements.

To Update your installed 8.04 version to the newly one you can do upgrading. To do so…

To upgrade from Ubuntu 8.04, press Alt+F2 and type in “update-manager -d” (without the quotes) into the command box. Update Manager should open up and tell you: New distribution release ‘8.10′ is available. Click Upgrade and follow the on-screen instructions.

Ubuntu is distributed on four types of images as

1. Desktop CD
2. Server install CD
3. Alternate install CD
4. MID USB image

Few Features Of Ubuntu 8.10

• Linux kernel 2.6.27
• Firefox 3 web browser
• Clean software packages with System Cleaner
• Mount archives and ISO files
• Encrypted private directory
• Upload, manage and share photos with FSpot
• Full 3G support with an improved Connection Manager

To download the Ubuntu 8.10 follow the link below…

Ubuntu 8.10